Through plenaries, panels, and testimonies, participants examined how criminalisation disproportionately affects women, girls, and other marginalized groups, and how it intersects with wider injustices such as poverty, HIV, and gender inequality. Lived experiences were central, with powerful accounts demonstrating the human cost of punitive laws and practices. The Baraza also created space for comparative learning, drawing on lessons from Latin America and other regions where litigation and feminist movements have successfully pushed back against restrictive laws.

Key outcomes included the launch of Repropulse, a digital case-tracking platform for reproductive justice litigation, the drafting of the Charter of African Principles on SRHR Criminalisation and Incarceration (2025), and agreement on a regional strategy to guide future advocacy. The Baraza closed with a strong call for Africentric approaches to reproductive justice, deeper connections between formal and informal legal systems, and collective action to decriminalize care, defend bodily autonomy, and ensure justice reaches even the most confined spaces.